Advanced topics on the evolution of the biosphere and its interactions with the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere in deep Earth history, with emphasis on major biotic events (innovation, radiation, mass extinction, and recovery) and their relationship to environmental change and ecosystem evolution.

Prerequisite(s): Environmental Science 1021F/G, Earth Sciences 1022A/B or Earth Sciences 2200A/B, and registration in Year 3 or above, any module, or permission of the Department.

Extra Information: 2 lecture hours, 2 tutorial hours.